The conflict began on June 5, 1967, with Israel's surprise air attack, Operation Focus, which destroyed most of the Egyptian Air Force on the ground. This preemptive strike secured air superiority, allowing ground forces to advance rapidly. Within days, Israeli troops captured the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza from Egypt, East Jerusalem and the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. The war ended with a UN-brokered ceasefire on June 11. The swift victory dramatically altered territo