Illustration of the reorganization of jaw muscles and the skull following an increase in brain size during bird evolution. The avian skull underwent significant modifications during the evolution of ...

The authors note that Fig. 3 appeared incorrectly. The six panels are labeled incorrectly. The labels A–F should increase row-wise, not column-wise. The corrected figure appears below. The online ...

Edited by Scott Hultgren, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; received March 7, 2024; accepted January 27, 2025 ...

We thank Xiaoju Li, Haiyan Yu, Xiaomin Zhao, and Sen Wang from Core Facilities for Life and Environmental Sciences of Shandong University for their assistance in X-ray diffraction. We also thank the ...

S. von Bülow, G. Tesei, F. K. Zaidi, T. Mittag, K. Lindorff-Larsen, Prediction of phase-separation propensities of disordered proteins from sequence. Zenodo. https ...

The long-distance dispersal of organisms across oceans to distant islands can result in the evolution of new species lineages. The origin of critically endangered iguanas on the South Pacific islands ...

Proteins change their conformations as part of their biological functions, for example, when binding another molecule (ligand). Two pathways are conceivable: Either the ligand binds preferentially to ...

What environments even harbor enough testosterone to support bacterial growth? Testosterone and related steroid hormones occur in the effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plants at ...

E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligases play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes and their activity is strictly regulated. HECT-type E3 Itch is activated and recruited to lipid droplets by Spartin to ...

C.Y. and X.-F.W. wrote the paper. Z.-Z. Wu et al., Erythroid progenitor cell–mediated spleen–tumor interaction deteriorates cancer immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci ...

John Brauman was a scientific icon who maintained his working-class sensibilities—a true giant who had a profoundly positive impact on the organic and physical chemistry students who came through ...

Crown-of-thorns sea stars eat coral and, during episodic population outbreaks, cause extensive losses in coral reefs. The sea stars’ unexplained boom-and-bust population cycles may partly be ...