During the 1930s, some 1.3 million Americans from the Midwest and southwest migrated to California, which had a population of 5.7 million in 1930s. The arrival of Okies and Arkies set the stage for ...

GAO . The GAO released a report (25-106389) in November 2024 that called for more oversight of the H-2A program and enforcement of H-2A regulations. The number of H-2A jobs quadrupled between FY13 and ...

The H-2A program allows US farmers who anticipate shortages of seasonal workers to be certified by DOL to recruit and employ H-2A workers to fill seasonal jobs for up to 10 months. There is no cap on ...

Florida agriculture is unlike agriculture elsewhere because most of the state’s fruits and vegetables are harvested during the winter months, when crop production in other states is low but fruit and ...

Employment in California agriculture (NAICS 11) averaged 404,000 in 2020, 10 percent more than average agricultural employment of 367,000 in 1990. Seasonality, as measured by the peak-trough ratio or ...

In October 2025, the US Department of Labor made three major changes to H-2A regulations to reduce the cost of H-2A workers. DOL: changed the database used to set hourly Adverse Effect Wage Rates ...

Demographics. The 2017-18 NAWS found that 68 percent of crop workers were born abroad, including two thirds who were born in Mexico, so that 44 percent of all crop workers are Mexican-born. Almost ...

Almost 13 million people or 30 percent of Thailand’s 42 million strong labor force are employed in agriculture. Most of those employed in Thai agriculture are self-employed Thai farmers and their ...

DOL’s National Agricultural Workers Survey interviewed 3,582 California non-H-2A crop workers over four years, 2015-19, almost 900 a year. California crop workers are aging, settling in one place with ...

The Bracero program refers to agreements between the US and Mexican governments that allowed Mexican workers to fill seasonal jobs on US farms. Both the 1917-21 and the 1942-64 Bracero programs that ...

Does California’s AB 1066 law, which mandates overtime pay at 1.5 times the usual wage for farm workers after eight hours of work in a day or 40 hours in a week, increase or decrease the hours worked ...

Many small island nations offer golden passports that grant citizenship in exchange for donations or investments of $100,000 to $1 million. Many industrial countries including the US offer investors ...