If your business makes investments in equipment and employee benefit contributions, you may need to track the average annual rate of return over a span of time for financial reporting obligations.

Calculating returns from your stock portfolio can be a tricky matter, especially if some of your holdings pay dividends, or you make frequent deposits and withdrawals from your account. With Excel and ...

Nick Lioudis is a writer, multimedia professional, consultant, and content manager for Bread. He has also spent 10+ years as a journalist. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and funding expert ...

Making good investments in projects and long-term assets is an important part of growing a small business. You can use internal rate of return, or IRR, to help you make such investment decisions. IRR ...

Calculating the internal rate of return, or IRR, of an investment is a powerful tool for businesses. When a manager is faced with a capital intensive decision, IRR can quickly compare the financial ...

Learn how to calculate payback and discounted payback in Excel with formulas, SCAN, XMATCH, LET, and SWITCH, plus ...

Return on equity, often abbreviated as ROE, is a financial metric used to judge the strength of a business by answering this key question: How much profit does it generate as a function of the cash it ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Charlene Rhinehart is a CPA , CFE, chair of ...