A Consistent level 1 studies (e.g. a systematic review or well conducted RCT) B Consistent level 2 or 3 studies or extrapolations from level 1 studies (e.g. individual cohort studies or case ...

[2] While not universal, and not part of the definition, insulin resistance and obesity are also extremely common accompaniments of this syndrome. [2,3] This phenotypic nonuniformity and the ...

Metabolic dysfunction-Associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance (Browning and Horton ...

Box 1. Biphasic effects of stress on immune response. IL-1 (interleukin-1) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine first identified as an endogenous pyrogen due to its ability to affect the hypothalamic ...