The mantle is split up into two domains — the African and the Pacific — that emerged when supercontinent Pangaea broke apart. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an ...

On present-day Earth, plate subduction continuously modifies the chemical composition of the convecting mantle, and various mantle sources linked to these processes have been widely studied.

Geology textbooks describe the Earth's mantle beneath its plates as a well-mixed viscous rock that moves along with those plates like a conveyor belt. But that idea, first set out some 100 years ...