A vesicle, only a few nanometers in size and filled with neurotransmitters, approaches a cell membrane, fuses with it, and releases its chemical messengers into the synaptic cleft—making them ...

(1) A nerve impulse arrives. (2) This causes calcium ion channels to open, resulting in an influx of calcium ions in the terminal. (3) This causes synaptic vesicles to fuse with the terminal membrane, ...

Neurotransmission, or synaptic transmission, corresponds to the movement of signals between neurons, permitting the transmission of information through the proliferation of action potentials. This ...

Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders, affecting millions of people worldwide. Published in the Journal of Neuroscience, new research from the ...

Interactions of two voltage-gated calcium channels and a pump enable separate control of exocytosis and endocytosis at chemical synapses. Chemical synapses transmit information within the nervous ...

Synaptic plasticity describes the biological process that enables learning and memory through facilitating changes in the connections between synapses. Interaction with the external world results in ...

Your brain doesn t just send messages through one universal route it uses separate pathways for spontaneous activity and signals linked to learning. These findings overturn a major neuroscience ...