In civil and structural engineering, the word “safe” is often used as the ultimate benchmark of good design. If a structure does not collapse under design loads and meets code requirements, it is ...

Many transmission structures are tested to failure at full-scale, leading to an improved understanding of capacity compared to most structures. Typically when extreme wind events occur, the maximum ...

• Structural properties of bolted joints depend on bolt and clamped-member stiffnesses. • Clamped members can be treated as a sleeve or hollow cylinder. Sound designs of bolted joints rely on a good ...