Modeling complex systems When studying complex biological systems such as the immune system, scientists can extract many different types of data. Sequencing cell genomes tells them which gene variants ...

This chaotic-looking "double pendulum" follows a large number of rules that govern its motion. Researchers have trained AI to take data from its movements to uncover simple equations that successfully ...

Cells naturally process external signals through intricate genetic circuits, enabling the adaptation to diverse environments. These circuits rely on complex, nonlinear interactions among genes and ...

Since the advent of the Human Genome Project, scientists have expanded efforts to map complete biological datasets that encompass entire molecular families, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites ...

Under the right conditions, liquid crystals condense into astonishing structures, spontaneously generating filaments and flattened discs that can transport material from one place to another, much ...

A common type of error-correcting mechanism in biology is called kinetic proofreading. For example, if errors turn up when cells are making new DNA, enzymes can cut out incorrect nucleotides. They can ...

Until today, skin, brain, and all tissues of the human body were difficult to observe in detail with an optical microscope, since the contrast in the image was hindered by the high density of their ...

Ever better experimental techniques allow us to perform experiments under tightly controlled conditions and can deliver gigantic amounts of data reflecting the complexity of biology. This has vastly ...