Medford is a city in Steele County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,239 at the 2010 census. Medford was platted in 18…Medford is a city in Steele County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,239 at the 2010 census. Medford was platted in 1856, and named for Medford Colling, the son of an early settler. A post office has been in operation at Medford since 1855.